For clinical reference only — does not replace local trust guidelines or clinical judgement.
Clinical Presentations

Back Pain

Back Pain

🚨 Life-Threatening — exclude first
If suspected, escalate now.
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Spinal Cord Compression
Spinal / Epidural Abscess
Ruptured AAA
Vertebral Fracture with cord injury
🚨

Dangerous Causes Causes

Cauda Equina SyndromeSpinal Cord CompressionEpidural AbscessRuptured AAAVertebral Fracture
🦴

Musculoskeletal Causes

Mechanical Back PainMuscle StrainFacet Joint Pain
🧠

Neurological Causes

Disc ProlapseRadiculopathySpinal Stenosis
🦠

Infectious Causes

DiscitisVertebral OsteomyelitisEpidural Abscess